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Adeli, H and Karim, A (1997) Scheduling/Cost Optimization and Neural Dynamics Model for Construction. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 123(04), 450–8.

Arditi, D, Kale, S and Tangkar, M (1997) Innovation in Construction Equipment and Its Flow into the Construction Industry. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 123(04), 371–8.

Hartman, F, Snelgrove, P and Ashrafi, R (1997) Effective Wording to Improve Risk Allocation in Lump Sum Contracts. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 123(04), 379–87.

Jaafari, A (1997) Concurrent Construction and Life Cycle Project Management. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 123(04), 427–36.

Kang, L S and Paulson, B C (1997) Adaptability of Information Classification Systems for Civil Works. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 123(04), 419–26.

Pocock, J B, Liu, L Y and Kim, M K (1997) Impact of Management Approach on Project Interaction and Performance. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 123(04), 411–8.

Portas, J and AbouRizk, S (1997) Neural Network Model for Estimating Construction Productivity. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 123(04), 399–410.

Schexnayder, C and Ohrn, L G (1997) Highway Specifications—Quality versus Pay. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 123(04), 437–43.

Touran, A (1997) Probabilistic Model for Tunneling Project Using Markov Chain. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 123(04), 444–9.

Venegas C., P and Alarcón C., L F (1997) Selecting Long-Term Strategies for Construction Firms. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 123(04), 388–98.

Walsh, K D, Houston, W N and Houston, S L (1997) Field Implications of Current Compaction Specification Design Practices. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 123(04), 363–70.

  • Type: Journal Article
  • Keywords:
  • ISBN/ISSN: 0733-9364
  • URL: https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9364(1997)123:4(363)
  • Abstract:
    The engineering properties of compacted soils are of primary importance in fill performance. However, for economic reasons, the achievement of a given relative compaction and compaction water content has become an end in itself for field compaction control. Although the profession has developed an understanding of the relationships between properties and compaction density/water content, it has become routine practice to use some combination of precedence and code rather than desired material properties to establish compaction specifications. Because of the heavy emphasis placed on relative compaction, it is extremely important that geotechnical practitioners and earthwork contractors recognize the deviations in field density that can occur as a result of typical differences in the compaction processes and in the methods of compaction control encountered. Variations in both the field density and the laboratory-determined reference maximum dry density arise from numerous sources. A corresponding spatial variability of relative compaction should therefore be anticipated. This paper provides a comprehensive evaluation of potential problems in compaction control, and addresses the sources of field variability in relative compaction.